Why is my real-world battery runtime shorter than the calculation?
Battery calculations assume ideal laboratory conditions. In the real world, several factors degrade performance:
- Inverter inefficiency: Converting 12V DC power to 110V AC power typically wastes 10% to 15% of your total energy as heat.
- Temperature: Extreme cold slows the chemical reactions inside a battery, temporarily reducing effective capacity.
- Voltage sag: High-wattage loads draw current so quickly that battery voltage can drop early and trigger low-voltage cutoffs.